Page 176 - SST Class 06

appoint a person as a minister who is not a which in turn is responsible to the state assembly,
member of either of the houses, but such person the members of whose are elected by the people.
has to be elected to one of these houses within six
In districts, the chairman of a Nagar Nigam (called
months.
Mayor or Mahapaur) is responsible to the
The President is the head of the Municipal Committee, the members of which are
state; he is also elected by the elected by the people.
people indirectly, that is, he is
In villages, the members of the Gram Sabha are
elected by the representatives elected by the people directly.
who were elected by the
people. All government F ind Outind Out
business is carried in the name Ram Nath Kovind
of the President, but he is only the nominal head. Find out news items regarding the government that
He has to act according to the advice rendered by caught your attention.
the Council of Ministers, headed by the Prime
Minister. RESOLUTION OF CONFLICT
The Government of India functions at the centre,
This makes the Prime Minister all powerful
in the states, in the districts and in villages. As
because the President is bound by the advice of
the Council of Ministers. such, it is a very large organisation. It has to
perform a large number of functions at different
However, the Council of Ministers cannot do levels. Some difference of opinion or conflicts can
anything of its free will, because all its actions arise in its functioning. The conflicts can arise
have to be approved in the Parliament. The between two houses of Parliament—the Lok Sabha
ministers are responsible to the Parliament and the Rajya Sabha; between the centre and
individually and collectively. If the Parliament state(s); between/among states; between
rejects any action of the Council of Ministers, one government and citizens; and between/among
or all ministers have to resign. citizens. A mechanism has been created by which
Thus, we see that the people participate in the the conflicts are resolved.
government directly or indirectly. The The conflicts between the two houses of
accountability of every political official in the Parliament are resolved at the joint session of the
government has been ensured in order to prevent Parliament. The conflicts between centre and
any misuse of power. The President is the state(s) and between/among states are resolved by
supreme officer, but he is bound by the advice of mutual talks and the assistance of the Supreme
the Council of Ministers, which in turn is Court or High
responsible to the Parliament, which in turn is Court(s) can be
responsible to the people. Thus, this mechanism taken. The
ensures participation of the people and conflicts between
accountability of all political officials to the government and
people. citizens and
between/among
PARTICIPATION AND ACCOUNTABILITY citizens are

IN STATES, DISTRICTS AND VILLAGES resolved by the Sharing river water is a cause
courts of law. of conflict between states
The same mechanism of participation and
accountability exists at all levels of government.
CONCERNS FOR EQUALITY AND JUSTICE
In the states, the Governor is the head of the state
who has to act according to the advice of the Equality and justice are two essentials which a
Council of Ministers headed by the Chief Minister, civilised society must possess. In the pre-
Contemporary Social Science-6
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