Page 32 - SST Class 07
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Its greatest ruler was Ibrahim , who made Jaunpur
                                                                    fought several battles with the neighbouring
            a   centre   of  learning.   He   also   undertook      kingdoms. He also destroyed several temples.
            construction of gates and arches. The most famous
                                                        .
            piece of architecture is the Atala Masjid Malik          Mewar
            Muhammad Jayasi    , a famous poet, lived in this       Mewar was ruled by the Sisodia Rajputs. Rana Hamir
            kingdom.                                                and Rana Kumbha     were able  kings. They  resisted
                                                                    against the Sultanate power. They also continuously
                              WESTERN INDIA                         fought with   Malwa and     Gujarat, but   emerged
                                                                    victorious. Rana Kumbha     is remembered for    his
             Gujarat
                                                                    qualities. He  was a  valiant
            You have read that Timur invaded India in 1398          but kind-hearted king.    He
            AD. After his raid, many parts seceded from the         also had  interest in  poetry
            Delhi Sultanate and declared their independence.        and music. He     also wrote
            Gujarat too was independent for all practical           several books. He    was an
            purposes. But it was in 1407 that it formally           able administrator. He  built
            declared its independence and Zafar Khan                the famous Victory Tower   at
            became the sultan. Zafar Khan called himself            Chittor.                       Victory Tower at Chittor
            Muzaffar Shah  . His grandson, Ahmed Shah       was
                                                                    His grandson, Rana Sanga     was also a very brave
            the sultan from 1411 to 1443 AD. He expanded
            the kingdom and founded the city of Ahmedabad      .    king. His body was covered with over eighty
            He reorganised the administration. He undertook         wounds that he received in various campaigns. He
                                                                    successfully fought with Malwa, Gujarat and
            the construction of several mosques, palaces and
            madarasas. He campaigned against Malwa and a            Delhi. He was defeated by Babur in 1527.
            number of Rajput states in the Saurashtra region.               Just Think!
            He also subjugated the Rajput states of Jhalawar
            and Dungarpur. He annexed the fort of Girnar.
                                                                     Why did Rana Kumbha build the Victory Tower?
            He destroyed several temples. He was very harsh
                                                                     Marwar
            on the Hindus. He levied jaziya     on the Hindus.
            The most famous ruler of Gujarat was Mahmud             Marwar was ruled by
            Bagarha  who ruled from 1459 to 1511 AD. He             the Rathor kings. They
            also defeated the Rajput kingdoms and annexed           were     perhaps     the
            the region of Saurashtra. He also destroyed             descendents     of   the
            temples in Dwarka. Its last ruler was Bahadur           Rashtrakutas.   Marwar
            Shah  who was killed by the Portuguese.                 is   situated    around
                                                                    Jodhpur. The fort and             Jodhpur Fort
             Malwa
                                                                    city of Jodhpur  was founded by King Jodha     . His
            Malwa also declared its independence after              son, Bika  founded the city of Bikaner .
            Timur’s invasion. Its capital was Mandu . Its central       Quiz Time
            location was beneficial to it. The traders treaded
            its territory for going from north India to south        Fill in the blanks :
            India. Also, the Gujarati traders had to go through      1. The Ahoms were great _________   .
            it to go to north India.
                                                                     2. Atala Masjid was built by _________ .
            One of its early rulers was Hushang Shah       . He
            constructed the beautiful city of Mandu. He was          3. _________  founded the city of Ahmedabad.
            known for his religious tolerance. He encouraged         4. Bahadur Shah was killed by the _________  .
            the Rajputs to settle down in his kingdom. The           5. Rathor kings were the descendents of the
            most powerful sultan was Mahmud Khalji        . He          _________ .

                     Contemporary Social Science-7
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