Page 23 - SST Class 07

Shams-ud-din Iltutmish After her death, several slave rulers came to the
throne, but they could not make an impact.
Iltutmish was the son-in-law of Aibak. He
ascended the throne after defeating Aibak’s sons. F ind Outind Out
He was a strong ruler and dealt with his problems
efficiently. He is considered to be the real founder Find out the reasons for unpopularity of Raziya
of the Sultanate. At first, he put down internal Sultan among orthodox nobles.
rebellions, and then he dealt with the Rajputs in Ghiyas-ud-din Balban
the north. Then he headed east and occupied
Bengal. In the west, he occupied Sindh and Balban came to the throne in 1266 AD. At this
secured his boundaries against the Mongols. He time, the Sultanate was facing many problems. He
was a strong ruler. The important problems he
fought with the Mongols who were then led by
the famous Changhiz Khan. During his rule, he faced included the revolts of the nobles and
secured victories against Ranthambore, Gwalior, external invasions. He dealt with the nobles
competently. He strengthened his army and
Malwa, Ujjain, Bihar etc.
secured his borders from the Mongols. He also
Iltutmish completed the construction of the Qutb fought with the local Rajput rulers.
Minar. He had many sons, but he did not consider
In order to curb the powers of the nobles, he
any of them worthy of the throne, so he
introduced the Persian custom of sijdah (the
nominated his daughter,
Raziya to succeed him. He practice of bowing down and saluting). He also
introduced a strict code of conduct for the nobles.
died in 1236. However, the
nobles were not happy with He even banned the nobles’ attending parties or
the decision of Raziya drinking wine. However, the nobles did not
accept these measures easily, as they considered
becoming the next sultan,
so they made Rukh-nud-din that sijdah had to be performed only before God.
Firoz Shah as the next Balban died in 1287. The rulers who succeeded
sultan, but he could not last him were not able and were overthrown by the
more than a few months, Khalji nobles in 1290. Thus, the Khalji dynasty
thus Raziya came to the ascended the throne of Delhi.
Qutb Minar
throne.
KHALJI DYNASTY (1290-1320 AD)
Just Think!
The Khalji dynasty was founded by Jalal-ud-din
Who started the construction of Qutb Minar at Khalji and it lasted for three decades.
Delhi? Jalal-ud-din Khalji

Raziya Sultan He was a weak sultan and compromised with the
Raziya sultan was the first woman ruler of India. Mongols. He was succeeded by his nephew, Ala-
ud-din Khalji in 1296.
She ruled for a short time as the nobles could not
accept to receive orders from Ala-ud-din Khalji
a woman. The problems
Ala-ud-din Khalji was a
being faced by the Sultanate strong and ambitious ruler
further compounded due to a
woman ruler. She tried to who expanded the
empire. He dreamed of
deal with the nobles firmly, establishing an empire
but could not succeed. The
nobles got her assassinated throughout the territory of
Raziya Sultan India.
in 1240. Ala-ud-din Khalji
The Delhi Sultanate Period
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