Page 56 - SST Class 07
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2. The buildings at Malwa are ____________      and     the    temples      of    Varadarajaswami       and
               ____________   .                                     Ekambaranathar    at Kanchipuram, and in the
            3. Iltutmish completed the construction of the          Jambukeswara Temple     near Tiruchirapalli.
               ____________   .
                                                                                      MUGHAL PERIOD
            4. ____________    built a magnificent tank near Siri
               in the old Delhi city.                               The Mughal rulers were interested in fine arts,
                                                                    including architecture. This was the reason that all
                           HINDU ARCHITECTURE                       fine arts flourished during their rule. Mughal
                                                                    architecture  is a mixture of Islamic architecture of
            In northern India, only Rajasthan was untouched         Central Asia and Hindu architecture of India.
            by the Muslim influence, so we find specimens of
                                                                    Akbar started this trend in India. Architecture in
            Hindu architecture there. In south India, we find       India blended both styles even before Akbar, but it
            Hindu architecture in Vijayanagara kingdom.
                                                                    reached its perfection during his rule. Because he
             Rajasthan                                              gave freedom to the Hindu and Muslim architects,
                                                                    this style came to be known as Mughal
            Rana Kumbha    of Mewar built many forts, palaces
                                                                    architecture.
            and other buildings, the most important of them
            are the Kumbhalgarh Fort    and the Kirti Stambha       Some of the basic features of Mughal architecture
            (Tower of Victory). It is built by red sandstone and    were domes, high minarets, mehrabs, pillars, open
            white marble. There is another tower named Jain         courtyards etc. During the early Mughal period,
            Stambha   at Chittor.                                   red sandstone was used for the construction, but
                                                                    later,  marble    replaced   red   sandstone    and
                                                                    emphasis was laid on beautifying buildings with
                                                                    colourful patterns, gold and silver work and
                                                                    minute carvings.


                                                                          Info Bits
                                                                          Info Bits

                                                                     A baoli is a stepped water tank which was used to

                   Kirti Stambha         Jain Stambha in Chittor     store rainwater for use during other seasons. A
                                                                     baoli also worked as a bath for the royal families.
             Vijayanagara Kingdom

            The rulers of Vijayanagara erected tall and              Babur
            massive gopurams      (gateways) and mandapas
            (prayer halls) in the temples. The Kalyana              Babur had a good architectural taste, but he did
                                                                    not have time for large buildings, so he
            Mandapam     at Vellore has been described to be
                                                                    constructed only small buildings like fountains,
            the richest and most beautiful structure of its kind.
            Similar beautiful mandapams were constructed in         baths, wells etc., and all these have not withstood
                                                                    the vagaries of time. We find only three mosques
                                                                    built by him, two of them are in India—at Panipat
                                                                    and Sambal  .


                                                                            Just Think!


                                                                     Why architectures are an important source of
                                                                     history?
              Jambukeswara Temple near   Varadarajaswami Temple
                   Tiruchirapalli           in Kanchipuram
                     Contemporary Social Science-7
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